Researchers from the Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University (BHU) have made a remarkable scientific breakthrough by identifying nine novel species of cyanobacteria from various regions of India. This discovery not only enriches understanding of microbial diversity but also underscores the urgent need for biodiversity conservation in the face of escalating climate change.

The study, conducted by the research group of Dr. Prashant Singh, Assistant Professor in the Department of Botany, focused on unexplored habitats in two ecologically significant regions. Seven of the new cyanobacterial species were discovered in the biodiversity hotspots of Northeast India from the states of Tripura, Nagaland and Assam which are renowned for their unexplored flora and fauna. The remaining two species were identified from the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO-recognized site in Madhya Pradesh known for its unique ecosystems. These findings mark a significant addition in cataloguing India's microbial diversity and hold particular significance against the backdrop of global biodiversity loss driven by climate change and habitat destruction.

This groundbreaking work is also a testament to the collaborative spirit of science. Of the 13 authors involved in the study, seven were internship/dissertation students who contributed significantly to this research. Their involvement underscores the importance of mentorship and hands-on training in nurturing the next generation of scientists. Sagarika Pal, Senior Research Fellow in Dr. Singh’s lab and the first author of the study, lauded the students' dedication and hard work, stating, “This discovery was only possible through the collective effort and unrelenting curiosity of our team. The inclusion of young researchers enriched the study with fresh perspectives and energy.”

As climate change continues to accelerate biodiversity loss, studies like this serve as both a beacon of hope and a call to action. They highlight the critical importance of preserving lesser-known life forms that play indispensable roles in maintaining the balance of our planet's ecosystems. The discovery of these nine novel cyanobacterial species not only adds to the growing catalogue of India's natural wealth but also strengthens the case for increased investment in biodiversity research and conservation.